To figure your elected farm income, first figure your taxable income from farming or fishing. This includes all income, gains, losses, and ductions attributable to your farming or fishing business. If you conduct both farming and fishing businesses, you must figure your elected farm income by combining income, gains, losses, and deductions attributable to your farming and fishing businesses.
Elected farm income also includes any gain or loss from the sale or other disposition of property regularly used in your farming or fishing business for a substantial period of time. However, if such gain or loss is realized after cessation of the farming or fishing business, the gain or loss is treated as attributable to a farming or fishing business only if the property is sold within a reasonable time after cessation of the farming or fishing business. A sale or other disposition within one year of the cessation is considered to be within a reasonable time.
Elected farm income does not include income, gain, or loss from the sale or other disposition of land or from the sale of development rights, grazing rights, and other similar rights.
You should find your income, gains, losses, and deductions from farming or fishing reported on different tax forms, such as:
- 2014 Form 1040, line 7, or Form 1040NR, line 8, income from wages and other compensation you received (a) as a shareholder in an S corporation engaged in a farming or fishing business or (b) as a crew member on a vessel engaged in a fishing business (but see Fishing business, earlier);
- 2014 Form 1040, line 21, or Form 1040NR, line 21, income from Exxon Valdez litigation;;
- 2014 Form 1040, line 27, or Form 1040NR, line 27, deductible part of self-employment tax, but only to the extent that deduction is attributable to your farming or fishing business;
- 2014 Form 1040, line 43, or Form 1040NR, line 41, CCF reduction, except to the extent that any earnings (without regard to the carryback of any net operating or net capital loss) from the operation of agreement vessels in the fisheries of the United States or in the foreign or domestic commerce of the United States are not attributable to your fishing business;
- Schedule C or C-EZ;
- Schedule D;
- Schedule E, Part II;
- Schedule F;
- Form 4797; and
- Form 4835.
- Form 8903, domestic production activities deduction, but only to the extent that deduction is attributable to your farming or fishing business; and
- Form 8949.
Your elected farm income is the amount of your taxable income from farming or fishing that you elect to include on line 2a.
Definitions
Farming Business. A farming business is the trade or business of cultivating land or raising or harvesting any agricultural or horticultural commodity. This includes:
- Operating a nursery or sod farm;
- Raising or harvesting of trees bearing fruits, nuts, or other crops;
- Raising ornamental trees (but not evergreen trees that are more than 6 years old when severed from the roots);
- Raising, shearing, feeding, caring for, training, and managing animals; and
- Leasing land to a tenant engaged in a farming business, but only if the lease payments are (a) based on a share of the tenant's production (not a fixed amount), and (b) determined under a written agreement entered into before the tenant begins significant activities on the land
A farming business does not include:
- Contract harvesting of an agricultural or horticultural commodity grown or raised by someone else, or
- Merely buying or reselling plants or animals grown or raised by someone else.